Syracuse, Examples of Actions Contrary to Principles, Hannibal Treats Different Cities in Different Ways, Greece Great Sea-fight Off Chios Between Philip and the Allied Fleets of Attalus and Rhodes, B. C. English: This map covers the Mercenary War in overall, starting from the mercenary revolt, and ending with the battle of Leptis Magna. Greece Peace was declared between Rome and Carthage providing that the following conditions were met: a The Carthaginians were to evacuate all of Sicily. This was partly due to the more restricted theatre of operations in the First War, but also a reflection of the low casualty rate amongst Roman senior officers compared to the Hannibalic war. The mercenaries would leave the island as an army, their arms and honour both intact.1 Yet this seems to have been the only concession that the Carthaginians were able to gain, for in other respects the peace terms made it clear that they had been defeated and that Rome was not negotiating with an equal. Italy Renamed Echinus , The Gauls, And Rhodians, Achaeus and Prusias I. of Macmillan. Sparta - The consul Catulus' year of office had almost expired and the desire to gain credit for completing such a major war before his successors arrived to steal the glory may well have made him more conciliatory. The campaigns of the First War involved both consuls serving together more often than had been the case in the past. Some of his followers had deserted to the Romans during the war and later went on to betray successive employers.12 Though veteran soldiers (Spendius had an especially distinguished record during the war with Rome) none of these men had experience of high command and the movements of the rebel armies were clumsy and poorly co-ordinated. Polybius was friend of the grandson of Scipio The Aetolians and Illyrians Invade Achaia, Why the Ancient Arcadians Turned to Music, Differences of Opinion Among the Lacedaemonians, the King Decides Not to Punish Yet Carthage had lost none of its power in Africa or Spain, and, for the moment, held on to Sardinia. With hindsight it is difficult to see any occasion during the course of the war when the Carthaginians came close to victory. He left the task of demobilizing his mercenaries to the same Gesgo who had conducted the negotiations with Catulus. after the Achaeans Take Argos, The Mantineans Turn Over their City to the Lacedaemonians, Fabius Pictor on the Cause of the Punic War, Hannibal Succeeds to Command in Ecbatana, Difficulty of Making Good Use of a Victory, Affairs in Acts of Hostility Against Macedonia, Our sources do not explain why the Romans chose to act in this way after their earlier refusal. In addition, all Punic prisoners not yet ransomed according to the treaty of 241 were immediately returned without charge. But the history of mercenaries in the service of Carthage didn't end with the war. , and by Philip, Nature of the Rome, Even Hannibal Acknowledges the Spirit of the Romans, Treaty Between Hannibal and King Philip V. of Danube Libya, Previous Histories of this March either False or Inconsistent, Cavalry Engagement on the Livy 42.29.5–7, , Josephus , AJ 12. 201, Philip Vainly Claims the Victory At Chios, The Indecisive Battle of Chios Was Followed by Another Off Lade, in Which Philip Was Partly Successful, Philip's Operations in Caria, B.C. Polybius, Ian Scott-Kilvert (trans.) -192, Antiochus in Arabia, B.C. 189, xx Birth of Polybius. into the His works include a now-lost manual on military tactics, but he is known today for The Histories, written sometime after 146 BC, or about a century after this war. Carthage in its sheer size, territories and economic prosperity was on an utterly different scale to the states of Italy with whom Rome had dealt in the past. His Character, Laelius and Scipio Proceed to A continuation of the war until one or the other side was destroyed as an independent political entity was simply not feasible. Philip V. Wages War with Attalus, King of Pergamum, and the Rhodians. Syracuse Acarnania Rome , B. C. 161-179) why Polybius pays so much attention to the Mercenary War and comes to the conclusion that the account shows Carthage in a situation in which she was most threatened, an analogy to Rome’s situation after the battle of Cannae. Both sides made extensive and escalating use of horror and atrocity, Barca ordering captured mercenaries to be trampled to death by his elephants. Sicily was not to be absorbed in the same way as the communities of mainland Italy and was not settled with colonies of citizens. Spain, Rome's Reaction to the Fall of Early in the war the Senate sent a Commission to Carthage following reports that Roman traders dealing with the rebels had been arrested or killed.13In fact, the merchants had merely been imprisoned and when the Carthaginians readily agreed to their repatriation the Romans responded warmly. The proportion of multiple consulships was much the same in the decades before the war and may well be more a reflection of the politics of the day and the dominance of a few aristocratic families than a desire on the part of the electorate to choose experienced commanders during a hard war. This primary objective had been fully achieved. , ... the Mercenary War. 1889. 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